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I 43 research _ working length I roots1_2010 _Case studies In conclusion, we would like to present three clini- cal cases. The case shown in Figure 10 presented with necrotic pulp with no peri-apical pathosis and was treatedbasedontheinformationgainedfromasingle diagnostic film. Working length was determined only byusinganEFL.Thepost-operativeradiographwithall four canals obturated demonstrates the successful treatment outcome. The case presented in Figures 11a to c was com- pleted in accordance with regular endodontic proce- dure.Theresultbroughtustothefollowingconclusion: the combination and comparison of several methods to locate the apical terminus and determine working length always gives the practitioner more confidence, accuracyandsuccessthanusingonlyoneornone. Predictable, reliable and successful endodontics were performed in teeth #36 and 46 of the same patient (Fig. 12). We are pleased to present this case here but are aware that many practitioners devoted to endodontics could achieve similar, if not better, results.Ourgoalistomotivateotherstoachieveeven better results and to seek to give patients the best of treatment._ Editorial note: Figure 3b was erroneously included in Part I ofthisarticle,publishedinroots4/2009.ThecorrectedPDF versionofthearticle,aswellasacompletelistofreferences, canbeobtainedfromthepublisher. Figs. 11a–c_Tooth #46 with necrotic pulp. Radiograph with ISO standard files (a); Radiograph with ProTaper files after EFL measurement (b); Obturated canals after final working length with paper points (c). Fig. 12_Endodontic treatment in two different first mandibular molars of the same patient. Prof Vladimir Ivanovic graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Belgrade in 1976.He obtained a M.Dent.Sc and Ph.D.with specialisation in Oral and Dental Pathology and Endodontology.He was appointed Professor in Restorative Odontology and Endodontics in 1998 at the Faculty of Dental Medicine and served as aVice-Dean for postgraduate and undergraduate studies. He has also chaired the School Board for Dental Pathology. Prof Ivanovic conducts research at the University of Belgrade and Edinburgh Dental Institute.His main interests are maintaining vital pulp,resin-based composites and adhesive systems,and endodontology.He has attended numerous international endodontic seminars and courses to further his knowledge and skills.He has delivered over 100 lectures both nationally and internationally,published over sixty articles in national and international journals,and chapters in four dental textbooks. He is founder and President of the Serbian Endodontic Society and has been a member of the ESE since 1989. He is also country representative for the ESE GeneralAssembly,member of the InternationalAssociation for Dental Research/Continental European Division and school representative for theAssociation for Dental Education in Europe.He has organised over a dozen endodontic meetings in Belgrade with internationally recognised speakers.Prof Ivanovic can be contacted at vladaivanovic@hotmail.com. _about the author roots Fig. 12