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17ClinicalMay 24-30, 2010United Kingdom Edition INTRODUCING UNDER ARMOUR’S LATEST INNOVATION UA Performance Mouthwear delivers an arsenal of advantages unlike anything athletes and consumers have experienced before: is only available from dentists. To become an authorized UA Performance Mouthwearprovider, please email europe@bitetech.com or visit www.bitetech.com The Dental Directory – the exclusive dental distributor of Under Armour Performance Mouthwear™ . Increase your Patient base and grow practice cash Flow™ Powered by ArmourBite™ Technology JAW-DROPPING PERFORMANCE INCREASED STRENGTH IMPROVED ENDURANCE IMPROVED REACTION TIME REDUCED ATHLETIC STRESS step, a specially developed, very liquid composite is applied onto the lesion to infiltrate it, driven by capillary forces[15] . The caries infiltration creates a diffusion barrier for cariogenic substrates inside the lesion, different from the traditional sealing method, which forms a barrier on the surface. This procedure pre- vents the creation of artificial plaque retention areas and the formation of marginal gaps. Be- fore the infiltration composite is light-cured, any excess material should be removed[16] . A positive result of the caries infiltration is that the enamel lesions will lose their whitish or brownish appearance and the unfavour- able esthetic effect is neutral- ised. Once the microporosities are filled, the light refraction behavior adjusts to that of the surrounding healthy enamel. The light refraction behavior is described by the refraction in- dex (RI). The refraction index of healthy enamel (RI = 1.62) dif- fers significantly from that of the air entrapments inside a le- sion (RI = 1.00). This difference results in diffuse light scattering which is visually displayed in the afore-mentioned white spots. Filling the air entrapments with the infiltrant (RI=1.52), which has a refraction index similar to that of healthy enamel, elimi- nates the diffuse light scattering and removes the white spots. Brown spots can be cleared through etching, which removes the embedded organic pigments. In-vitro and in-vivo studies have confirmed the effectiveness of the caries infiltration[17-18] as a quick and effective treatment method, which preserves the hard tissue, but still providing very good to excellent esthetic results for such lesions. DT References 1. Kidd EA, Fejerskov O. What constitutes dental caries? Histopathology of carious enamel and dentin related to the action of cariogenic biofilms. J Dent Res 2004;83 Spec No C:C35-38. 2. Gorelick L, Geiger AM, Gwinnett AJ. Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod 1982;81:93-98. 3. Staudt CB, Lussi A, Jacquet J, Kiliaridis S. White spot lesions around brackets: in vitro detec- tion by laser fluorescence. Eur J Oral Sci 2004;112:237-243. 4. Mattousch TJ, van der Veen MH, Zentner A. Caries lesions after orthodontic treatment followed by quantitative light-induced fluores- cence: a 2-year follow-up. Eur J Orthod 2007;29:294-298. 5. Kidd E, Nyvad B, Espelid I. Caries control for the individual patient. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E (eds). Dental Caries. The disease and its clinical management. Oxford: Blackwell Munks- gaard, 2008:487-504. 6. Nyvad B. The role of oral hygiene. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E (eds). Dental caries. The disease and its clinical management. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008:257-264. 7. Ellwood R, Fejerskov O, Cury JA, Clarkson J. Fluorides in caries control. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E (eds). Dental caries. The disease and its clinical management. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008:287-327. 8. Al-Khateeb S, Exterkate RA, de Josselin de Jong E, Angmar-Mansson B, ten Cate JM. Lightinduced fluorescence studies on dehy- dration of incipient enamel lesions. Caries Res 2002;36:25-30. 9. Fejerskov O, Nyg- aard V, Kidd E. Pathology of dental car- ies. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E (eds). Dental Caries, The Disease and its Clinical Man- agement. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008:20-48. 10. Ardu S, Castioni NV, Benbachir N, Krejci I. Minimally invasive treatment of white spot enamel lesions. Quintessence Int 2007;38:633‐636. 11. Croll TP, Cavanaugh RR. Enamel color modification by controlled hydrochloric acid-pumice abrasion. I. Technique and examples. Quintessence Int 1986;17:81-87. 12. Waggoner WF, Johnston WM, Schu- mann S, Schikowski E. Microabrasion of human enamel in vitro using hydro- chloric acid and pumice. Pediatr Dent 1989;11:319-323. 13. Tong LS, Pang MK, Mok NY, King NM, Wei SH. The effects of etching, micro-abrasion, and bleaching on surface enamel. J Dent Res 1993;72:67-71. 14. Paris S, Meyer-Lueckel H, Kielbassa AM. Resin infiltration of natural caries lesions. J Dent Res 2007;86:662-666. 15. Meyer-Lueckel H, Paris S, Kielbassa AM. Surface layer erosion of natural caries lesions with phosphoric and hydrochloric acid gels. Caries Res 2007;41:223-230. 16. Meyer-Lueckel H, Paris S. Improved resin infiltration of natural caries le- sions. J Dent Res 2008;87:1112-1116. 17. Ekstrand KR, Bakshandeh A. Kontrol- lierte, doppelblinde, randomisierte Studie zur Bestimmung der radiographischen Läsionsprogression bei approximaler Infiltration in Milchzähnen – Klinische Ergebnisse nach 6 und 12 Monaten. Icon- Wissenschaftliche Dokumentation, DMG Hamburg, 32 (2009). 18. Paris S, Meyer- Lueckel H. Kontrollierte, doppelblinde, randomisierte Studie zur Bestimmung der radiographischen Läsionsprogression bei approximaler Infiltration – Radi- ografische Ergebnisse nach .18. Monaten. Icon-Wissenschaftliche Dokumentation, DMG Hamburg,30 (2009) Proximal infiltration Vestibular infiltration - lesions in coronal enamel - lesions in coronal enamel - lesion progression likely - lesion progression likely - no clinical relevant cavitation - no clinical relevant cavitation - active lesions - active lesions - Isolation possible - Isolation possible - Radiographic lesion extension up to outer 3rd of dentine - Esthetic impairment Clinical Indications: Table 1 Indications caries infiltration

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