IM0310

12 I I research _ dental implant loading implants3_2010 inthemandible. Withinthelimitsofthisclinicalstudy, the results indicate that immediate loading of im- plants placed in immediate extraction sites can be carried out successfully.14 Six studies covered a 12 month follow up. Els de Smet, Joke Duyck, Josvander Sloten, Ignace Naert performed a clinical trial to re- port on the implant outcome of delayed, early and immediate loading of implants in the edentulous mandible.Onaconsecutivebasis,thefirsttenpatients received an overdenture retained by 2 ball attach- ments four months after implant insertion (delayed), and the next 10 patients received an overdenture one week after implant surgery (early). The next ten patients were treated with a fixed prosthesis on 3 implants (Brånemark, Novum) either the day of or the day after surgery (immediate). All patients were followed for one year, half were followed for two years. One patient in each OD group lost both im- plants. Thelossesoccurredsixmonthsafterloadinginthe delayed group and one month after loading in the early group. In the immediate group, one patient lost bothdistalimplantsfivemonthsafterloading.Intwo otherpatients,onedistalimplantfailedafteroneyear of loading. Maximal bite forces increased over time for all groups. Marginal bone loss was the highest for the immediate group. According to this prospective controlled clinical trial, the results achieved with early implant loading were comparable to those achieved with implants loaded after a delay. Distal implants are at higher risk for failure in the immediate loading protocol.15 Pedro Tortamano, Tadashi Carlos Orii, Julio Yamanochi, At- las Edson Moleros Nakame, Tatiana de Carvalho Guarnieripresentedanewmethodforfabricatingef- fective definitive prostheses to immediate load im- plants in edentulous patients.Nine patients received four implants each, and resin metal prostheses were installed less than 48 hours after implant placement. Clinical evaluation of soft peri implant tissues was conducted monthly after the sutures were removed, and radiographs were obtained 6, 12 and 24 months after the surgery. The periotest revealed statistical values that were stable, with no mobility. No signs of inflammation and/or bleeding were observed.The ra- diographs did not reveal any continuous areas of ra- diolucencybeyondthefirstthreadofthe36implants after 24 months. Under immediate load, osseointegration of im- plants is possible, and the method for the fabrication of resin-metal prostheses has been reliable and pre- dictable.16 Giuseppe Luongo, Rosario Di Raimondo, Paolo Filippini, Federico Gualini, Cesare Paoleschi evaluated the concept of an immediate loading pro- tocol in the posterior maxilla and mandible through analysis of implant survival at 1 year. Eighty two ITI sandblasted, acid-etched (SLA) implants in 40 pa- tients were loaded between 0 and 11 days after im- plant placement. The restorations consisted of either 2 splinted crowns or a 3-unit fixed prosthesis. All restorations were put into full functional occlusion. Periapical radiographs were evaluated for changes in crestalbonelevelfrombaselineto1yearpostloading. Three patients’ implants were not loaded because of lack of primary stability, and a fourth patient was ex- cludedfromthestudybecauseofaprotocolviolation (morethan4implantswereused).Themeanboneloss at1year0.52±0.98.Theearlyresultsfromthisstudy indicate that early and immediate loading of two im- plants in the posterior maxilla and mandible may be suitable in selected patients. On the basis of one year observation, the results appear similar to those achieved with a delayed procedure.17 Mohamed S Erakat, Sung-Kiang Chuang Meghan Weed, Thomas B. Dodson estimated the 1-year sur- vival rate of immediate vertical load splinted locking taper implants and identified the risk factors for im- plant failure. The study cohort was composed of 209 patients who received 477 implants. The overall one year Kaplan Mayer survival estimate was 90.3 %. Af- ter controlling other variables, 3 variables-timing of implantplacementrelativetoextraction(delayedim- plant placement after tooth extraction), coating of implant (uncoated), and increased number of pon- tics—were associated with an increased risk for im- plant failure. An overall 1-year survival estimate of 90.3 % (95 % CL: 86.9 %, 93.7 %) was calculated for immediatelyloadedsplintedimplants. Aftercontrol- ling other variables, 3 variables-timing of implant placement relative to extraction (delayed implant placementaftertoothextraction),coatingofimplant (uncoated), and increased number of pontics—were associatedwithanincreasedriskforimplantfailure.18 Roberto Cornelini, Filippo Cangini, Ugo Covani, Antonio Barone, Daniel Buser evaluated the succes rate at 12 months of titanium dental implants placed in the posterior mandible and immediately loaded with 3-unit fixed partial dentures. Patients with missing mandibular premolars and molars were enrolled in this study. Forty implants with a sand- blasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface (Strau- mann) were placed in 20 patients. Implant stability was measured with resonance frequency analysis using the Osstell device. Implants were included in the study when the stability quotient (ISQ) exceeded 62. At 12 months, only one implant had been lost be- cause of an acute infection. The remaining 39 im- plants were successful, resulting in a 1-year success rate of 97.5 %. Neither peri-implant bone levels, measured radiographically, nor implant stability changed significantly from baseline to the 12 month follow-up.