ROEN0410

28 I I special _ advancements in endodontics 18.Baumgartner JC, Falkler WA Jr. Bacteria in the apical 5 mm of infected root canals.J Endod.1991Aug;17(8):380–3. 19.Susin L, Parente JM, Loushine RJ, Ricucci D, Bryan T,Weller RN, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Canal and isthmus debridement efficacies of two irrigant agitation techniques in a closed system.IEJ (In Press). 20.Parente JM, Loushine RJ, Susin L, Gu L, LooneySW, Weller RN, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Root canal debridement using manual dynamic agitation or the EndoVac for final irrigation in a closed system and an open system.IEJ (In Press). 21.Nielsen BA, Baumgartner CJ. Comparison of the EndoVac System to Needle Irrigation of Root Canals. J Endod 2007; 33(5):611–5. 22.Shin SJ, Kim HK, Jung IY, Lee CY, Lee SJ, Kim E. Comparison of the cleaning efficacy of a new apical negative pressure irri- gating system with conventional irrigation needles in the root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010 Mar;109(3):479–84. 23.Desai P, Himel V. Comparative Safety of Various Intracanal Irrigation Systems.J Endod 2009;35:545–9. 24.Mitchell RP,Yang SE, Baumgartner JC. Comparison of apical extrusion of NaOCl using the EndoVac or needle irrigation of root canals.J Endod.2010 Feb;36(2):338–41. 25.Gondim E Jr, Setzer FC, Dos Carmo CB, Kim S. Postoperative pain after the application of two different irrigation devices in a prospective randomized clinical trial. J Endod. 2010 Aug; 36(8):1295–301. 26.TayFR,GuLS,SchoeffelGJ,WimmerC,SusinL,ZhangK,Arun SN,KimJ,LooneySW,PashleyDH.Effectofvaporlockonroot canaldebridementbyusingaside-ventedneedleforpositive- pressure irrigant delivery.J Endod.2010Apr;36(4):745–50. 27.Clegg MS, Vertucci FJ, Walker C, Belanger M, Britto LR. The effect of exposure to irrigant solutions on apical dentin biofilms in vitro.J Endod.2006 May;32(5):434–7. 28.Baker NA, Eleazer PD, Averbach RE, Seltzer S. Scanning electron microscopic study of the efficacy of various irrigating solutions,J Endod.1975Apr;1(4):127–35. 29.Peters OA, Schönenberger K, Laib A. Effects of four Ni-Ti preparation techniques on root canal geometry assessed by micro computed tomography. Int Endod J. 2001 Apr; 34(3):221–30. 30.Metzger Z,Zary R,Cohen R,Teperovich E,Paqué F.The Qual- ity of Root Canal Preparation and Root Canal Obturation in Canals Treated with Rotary versus Self-adjusting Files: A three-dimensional micro-computed Tomographic Study. J Endod.2010 Sep;36(9):1569–73. 31.Peters OA, Boessler C, Paqué F. Root canal preparation with a novel nickel-titanium instrument evaluated with micro- computed tomography: canal surface preparation over time. J Endod.2010 Jun;36(6):1068–72. 32.Metzger Z,Teperovich E,Cohen R,Zary R,Paqué F,Hülsmann M.The self-adjusting file (SAF). Part 3: removal of debris and smear layer-A scanning electron microscope study. J Endod. 2010Apr;36(4):697–702. 33.Kakehashi S,Stanley HR,Fitzgerald RJ.The effects of surgical exposures of dental pulps in germfree and conventional labo- ratoryrats.JSouthCalifDentAssoc.1966Sep;34(9):449–51. 34.MöllerAJ,FabriciusL,DahlénG,OhmanAE,HeydenG.Influence onperiapicaltissuesofindigenousoralbacteriaandnecroticpulp tissueinmonkeys.ScandJDentRes.1981Dec;89(6):475–84. 35.Southard DW. Immediate core build-up of endodontically treated teeth: the rest of the seal. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent.1999 May;11(4):519–26; quiz 528. 36.Tronstad L, Asbjørnsen K, Døving L, Pedersen I, Eriksen HM. Influence of coronal restorations on the periapical health of endodontically treated teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol. 2000 Oct;16(5):218–21. 37.Heling I, Gorfil C, Slutzky H, Kopolovic K, Zalkind M, Slutzky- Goldberg I. Endodontic failure caused by inadequate restora- tive procedures: review and treatment recommendations. J Prosthet Dent.2002 Jun;87(6):674–8. 38.WeineFS.InEndodonticTherapy.5th Ed.,St.Louis:MosbyCo., 1996:4. 39.Ray HA, Trope M. Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration.Int Endod J.1995 Jan;28(1):12–8. 40.Torabinejad M, Ung B, Kettering JD. In vitro bacterial pene- tration of coronally unsealed endodontically treated teeth. J Endod.1990 Dec;16(12):566–9. 41.Alves J,Walton R,Drake D.Coronal leakage:endotoxin pene- tration from mixed bacterial communities through obturated, post-preparedrootcanals.JEndod.1998Sep;24(9):587–91. 42.Ricucci D, Gröndahl K, Bergenholtz G. Periapical status of root-filled teeth exposed to the oral environment by loss of restoration or caries. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod.2000 Sep;90(3):354–9. 43.SwansonK,MadisonS.Anevaluationofcoronalmicroleakage in endodontically treated teeth. Part I.Time periods. J Endod. 1987 Feb;13(2):56–9. 44.Salehrabi R, Rotstein I. Endodontic treatment outcomes in a large patient population in the USA:an epidemiological study. J Endod.2004 Dec;30(12):846–50. 45.SchwartzRS,FransmanR.Adhesivedentistryandendodontics: materials, clinical strategies and procedures for restoration of access cavities:a review.J Endod.2005 Mar;31(3):151–65. 46.Brown WP, Herbranson EJ. Brown and Herbranson Imaging: www.brownherbransson.com/tutorial_atlas.shtml. roots4_2010 Dr Wyatt D.Simons is a diplomate of theAmerican Board of Endodontists.After graduating from the University of the Pacific, ArthurA.Dugoni School of Dentistry,in 1999,he completed his specialty training in endodontics at Boston University in 2001. Dr Simons is anAdjunctAssistant Professor of Endodontics at the University of the Pacific and lectures nation- ally.In 2004,he founded Signature Spe- cialists in San Clemente,California, where he practises and presents live training seminars.Dr Simons is passionately committed to the advancement of the profession of endodontics.Most re- cently,he presented live treatment to theAmericanAssociation of Endodontists (AAE) as part of the Master Clinician Series at the 2010AAE conference.To learn more about Dr Simons,go to www.signaturendo.com. _about the author roots Editorialnote:DrSimonsperfor- med all treatments presented in this article. He does not cur- rently have an interest in any productsdiscussedinthisarticle. All CBCT images were taken with the Kodak 9000 3D CBCT and all 2-D images were taken with the Kodak6100.