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The year 2011 was full with a numerous of highlights. Depending on the regional cultures and customs, the christmas trees are differently adorned. A big variation of different light sources are found all around it, generating varying pleasant impressions of all kinds.
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The colour of the gingiva is determined by several factors, including the number and size of blood vessels, epithelial thickness, quantity of keratinisation and pigments within the epithelium. Melanin, carotene, reduced haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin are main pigments contributing to the normal colour of the oral mucosa.1 Frequently, the gingival hyper-pigmentation is caused by excessive melanin deposits mainly located in the basal and supra-basal cell layers of the epithelium.2
Moderate forms of periodontitis are demonstrated in 50 to 90 % of adults with regional and age-based differences. Periodontitis destroys the integrity of oral mucous membranes and is one of the main reasons for tooth loss, especially amongst people aged 40 and older. Aggressive forms of periodontitis may result in advanced loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone, resulting in urgent need for prosthetic treatment for those individuals within a very short time...
Since Einstein pictured the nature of light and therefore postulated the basics of the concept of laser over almost a century ago, a long and sometimes rebellious time of experimentation elapsed before we finally witnessed a rapide and wide expansion of this instrument of light across all fields of dentistry in the new century...
With the esthetic zone being absolutely critical to a patient’s external appearance and inner emotions, orchestrating a bioesthetic result is mandatory. Too often, this is complicated when esthetic desires infringe on the health of the periodontal complex. This is often true when biologic width violations have occurred iatrogenically. Many factors may contribute to these failures, the two main culprits being intracrevicular margin location and overcontoured restorations...
Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. Its reported incidence is one to four per million and both the sexes are equally affected.1 PLS is characterised by palmo-plantar hyperkeratosis, periodontopathy and premature loss of deciduous, as well as permanent dentition.2 Plaque and calculus deposits may be present, along with significant halitosis.3 It manifests between one to five years of age and the patient becomes edentulous in the early teens. Another component of PLS is asymptomatic ectopic calcification in the choroids plexus and tentorium,2 hearing loss, follicular hyperkeratosis and nail abnormalities.4
In the early 1990s, cavity preparation by Er:YAG laser was an exercise in patience. Owing to the low peak power of the pulse and a slow frequency the cavity was finished in what felt like hours after starting the laser treatment. Today, short pulse length, high power and increased frequency lead to short treatment times, comparable with conventional mechanical treatment by burs. Nearly all kinds of preparation and caries excavation can be done without any anaesthesia if the dentist is familiar with his laser and the correct treatment options. The procedure itself is more comfortable for the patient because there is no pressure or vibration on the tooth owing to the non-contact mode of the treatment...
Periodontal diseases are some of the most widespread of oral pathologies. Chronic periodontitis, characterised by local inflammation owing to infection with pathogenic bacteria, destroys the supporting structures of the teeth including periodontal ligaments, cementum and alveolar bone. Untreated periodontal disease then leads to tooth loss because the attachment apparatus and tooth-supporting structures are destroyed. The goals of periodontal therapy are to arrest the progression of periodontal disease and regenerate those structures lost to disease. Since periodontal diseases are considered both chronic and destructive, the sooner diagnosis and treatment begin, the better the prognosis is for the patient.
Laser dentistry went through a rapid development within the last years. Today, the use of laser devices enhances the whole dental treatment range valuably and supports conventional as well as conservative therapies. So the practioner achieves more safety and a better clinical result can be obtained for the patient in a gentle way. In the following, the authors show different alternatives based on clincial case studies...
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The LASER START UP 2011 and 20th annual congress of the German Society for Laser Dentistry (DGL) took place in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 28 until 29 October 2011. The attending 250 laser beginners and proficient users were fully rewarded by the scientific and experience driven program...
From 28 October until 29 October 2011 both the 20th annual congress of the German Association of Laser Dentistry (DGL) as well as the congress for laser beginners, LASER START UP, were held in Düsseldorf, Germany. Over the two congress days we welcomed up to 200 participants from all over Germany, Europe and Middle East. Here you can read the abstracts of some lectures given during the congresses.
Participants of the first Mastership/Fellowship Course offered by AALZ Greece have graduated. AALZ’s course is a one-year clinical specialisation course for laser treatment at selected wavelengths. This offering is geared towards dentists who would like to specialise in certain wavelengths. Over the course of ten days spread over one year, participants are taught fundamental physical and technical knowledge and how to recognise primary, secondary, and tertiary indications.
On 26 September 2011 the 14th master course “Lasers in Dentistry“ started in Aachen, Germany. This postgraduate Master of Science programme has been offered since 2004 at the RWTH Aachen University...
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